Bacterial Pharyngitis

Overview

4.7 out of 5 (63 Reviews)

Credits

1.00

Post Assessment Questions

10

Start Date

1 Sep 2023

Last Review Date

6 Oct 2024

Expiration Date

31 Aug 2026

Estimated Time To Finish

60 Minutes


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Activity Description

Respiratory viral pathogens predominate as culprits of infectious pharyngitis, characterized by inflammation of the pharynx leading to a sore throat. However, bacterial etiologies hold clinically important significance. Despite most cases being self-limited, identifying bacterial pharyngitis is imperative to avert potential long-term complications like rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis. Among bacterial causes, Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus or Streptococcus pyogenes is the most common bacterial cause. 

Viral and bacterial pharyngitis have overlapping symptoms. Thus, clinicians should not depend solely on physical examination to establish the diagnosis of group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infection. Rapid antigen detection, nucleic acid amplification testing, or throat culture is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. The presence of a runny nose, cough, mouth ulcers, a viral exanthem, conjunctivitis, or hoarse voice typically eliminates the need for testing and points toward a viral origin. The Centor criteria can help determine who needs group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus testing when the presentation is unclear.

Though less common, additional causes of bacterial pharyngitis are group C and G streptococci, sexually transmitted infections like Neisseria gonorrhea and Treponema pallidum, Corynebacterium diphtheriae in places where vaccination rates are low, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia pneumoniaeThese alternatives should be considered based on the patient's physical examination, sexual, travel, and vaccination history or when a patient fails to improve after treatment with standard therapy.

This activity for healthcare professionals is designed to enhance the learner’s competence when diagnosing and managing bacterial pharyngitis, leading to improved clinical decision-making, accurate identification of bacterial infections, and appropriate utilization of diagnostic tools, thereby reducing unnecessary testing and treatment. Participants gain a deeper insight into the condition's clinical manifestations, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic interventions. By navigating the intricacies of diagnosing bacterial pharyngitis, clinicians can optimize patient care, mitigate antibiotic overuse and resistance, and enhance healthcare outcomes. Greater proficiency increases the learner's ability to collaborate within an interprofessional team caring for patients with bacterial pharyngitis.


UAN: JA4008338-0000-23-3562-H01-P

Target Audience

This activity has been designed to meet the educational needs of physicians, physician associates, nurses, pharmacists, and nurse practitioners.

Learning Objectives

At the conclusion of this activity, the learner will be better able to:

  • Identify the clinical features suggestive of bacterial pharyngitis.

  • Implement appropriate diagnostic tests for bacterial pharyngitis. 

  • Create an individualized, evidence-based treatment plan for a patient diagnosed with bacterial pharyngitis.

  • Collaborate with the healthcare team to develop and implement strategies for appropriate antibiotic stewardship in managing bacterial pharyngitis, ensuring optimal patient outcomes while minimizing antibiotic resistance and adverse effects.

Pharmacy Activity Type:
Disease/Drug Therapy Related


Disclosures

StatPearls, LLC requires everyone who influences the content of an educational activity to disclose relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies that have occurred within the past 24 months. Ineligible companies are organizations whose primary business is producing, marketing, selling, re-selling, or distributing healthcare products used by or on patients. All relevant conflict(s) of interest have been mitigated. Hover over contributor names for financial disclosures. Others involved in planning this educational activity have no relevant financial relationships to disclose.

Commercial Support: This activity has received NO commercial support.

Continuing Education Accreditation Information

In support of improving patient care, StatPearls, LLC is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.

 

Pharmacists: StatPearls, LLC designates this activity for a maximum of 1.00 ACPE credit(s). (UAN: JA4008338-0000-23-3562-H01-P ). Pharmacists should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Please consult your professional licensing board for information on the applicability and acceptance of continuing education credit for this activity.

Method of Participation and Credit

  1. Register for the activity.    
  2. Review the target audience, learning objectives, and disclosure information.
  3. Study the educational content of the enduring material.
  4. Choose the best answer to each activity test question. To receive credit and a certificate, you must pass the test questions with a minimum score of 100%.
  5. Complete the post-activity assessment survey.

If you have concerns regarding the CE/CME system, please contact support@statpearls.com.

Disclaimer

This educational activity was planned and produced in accordance with the ACCME Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Continuing Education. Faculty may discuss investigational products or off-label uses of products regulated by the FDA. Readers should verify all information before employing any therapies described in this educational activity.

The information provided for this activity is for continuing education purposes only and is not meant to substitute for the independent medical/clinical judgment of a healthcare provider relative to diagnostic and treatment options of a specific patient’s medical condition. The information presented does not necessarily reflect the views of StatPearls or any commercial supporters of educational activities on statpearls.com. StatPearls expressly disclaims responsibility for any adverse consequences resulting directly or indirectly from information in the course, for undetected error, or through a participant's misunderstanding of the content.

Unapproved Uses of Drugs/Devices: In accordance with FDA requirements, the audience is advised that information presented in this continuing education activity may contain references to unlabeled or unapproved uses of drugs or devices. Please refer to the FDA-approved package insert for each drug/device for full prescribing/utilization information.

Cancellation Policy: Please see the cancellation policy. StatPearls, LLC reserves the right to cancel any course due to unforeseen circumstances.

 

 
 

Reviews

Renee v. on 9/18/2021

John M. on 10/21/2021

Anna L. on 11/17/2021

DIMITRIOS T. on 11/25/2021

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Preeti S. on 3/19/2022

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Sherrika W. on 3/28/2022

Miranda H. on 3/31/2022

Thanks much

Dr. Mallikarjuna S. on 5/13/2022

Dr.Poornima. S. on 6/14/2022

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Jennifer W. on 6/30/2022

Brian T. on 7/21/2022

Dr.NIRMALA M. on 12/10/2022

Brian L. on 9/16/2022

Excellent presentation.

donald b. on 11/19/2022

Alex V. on 12/17/2022

james s. on 12/20/2022

Karl S. on 12/28/2022

kevin n. on 1/17/2023

Connie D. on 1/17/2023

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Monica W. on 5/11/2023

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Shirley A. on 9/16/2023

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Unlimited Pharmacist CE

Stay up to date on the latest medical knowledge with 6820 CE activities. In these online self-assessment activities, read our reference articles and test your knowledge with more than 8101.5 hours of CE.

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