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The indium 111-tagged white blood cell (WBC) scan is a type of imaging modality used to help identify regions of inflammation and, thus, infections when other imaging studies are equivocal or contraindicated.[1] Clinicians commonly use this test
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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a term covering a group of autosomal recessive disorders resulting from a deficiency of one of the required enzymes for steroid biosynthesis (cortisol, aldosterone, or both) in the adrenal glands. The most
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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from the deficiency of one of the enzymes required to synthesize cortisol in the adrenal cortex. Over 90% of CAH cases are caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency, whi
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A 24-hour urinalysis is a timed urine collection used for evaluating urinary stone disease, proteinuria (eg, amyloidosis, lupus nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and preeclampsia), multiple myeloma, pheochromocytoma (fractionated metanephrines and catec
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Roughly half of all symptomatic renal calculi are potentially preventable with proper diagnosis and treatment for underlying chemical stone-promoting risk factors.[1][2][3] There is little question that our current medical evaluation and pr
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2-octyl cyanoacrylate is one of the most commonly used, commercially available wound adhesives. It received initial approval in 1998 as an alternative to closure of skin wounds with 5-0 or smaller sutures, staples, or adhesive strips by the Federal D
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MDMA, or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, is a synthetic amphetamine derivative known as a recreational drug since the 1980s by street names such as "Ecstacy," "E," "Molly," "XTC," "X," "Beans," and "Adams." The entactogenic properties fo
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The airway is an essential component of the body that requires protection, regardless of the reason for a patient's presence in a hospital, whether it's for outpatient surgery or admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) for observation and the
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A 38-year-old African American male, who emigrated from Somalia 10 years ago, presented with a 6-month history of lower extremity swelling, 20-pound (9 kg) weight gain over 4 weeks, and new-onset microscopic hematuria. He had no prior history of edem
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Ambiguous genitalia is a very rare problem encountered in newborns, with a prevalence of 1 in 4500 live births. Even with the recent advances in technology like genetic workup, an assay of hormones, and karyotyping, only 20% to 40% of the time can th
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