[1]
Levey AS, Eckardt KU, Tsukamoto Y, Levin A, Coresh J, Rossert J, De Zeeuw D, Hostetter TH, Lameire N, Eknoyan G. Definition and classification of chronic kidney disease: a position statement from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Kidney international. 2005 Jun:67(6):2089-100
[PubMed PMID: 15882252]
[2]
Gödecke V, Schmidt JJ, Bräsen JH, Koenecke C, Haller H. [Diagnosis and treatment of kidney involvement in plasma cell diseases : Renal involvement in multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathies]. Der Internist. 2019 Jan:60(1):10-22. doi: 10.1007/s00108-018-0538-7. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 30635666]
[3]
Boudhabhay I, Titah C, Talbot A, Harel S, Verine J, Touchard G, Kaaki S, Gabison E, Vasseur V, Mauget-Faÿsse M, Sené T. Multiple myeloma with crystal-storing histiocytosis, crystalline podocytopathy, and light chain proximal tubulopathy, revealed by retinal abnormalities: A case report. Medicine. 2018 Dec:97(52):e13638. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000013638. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 30593133]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[4]
Korbet SM, Schwartz MM. Multiple myeloma. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. 2006 Sep:17(9):2533-45
[PubMed PMID: 16885408]
[5]
Knudsen LM, Hjorth M, Hippe E. Renal failure in multiple myeloma: reversibility and impact on the prognosis. Nordic Myeloma Study Group. European journal of haematology. 2000 Sep:65(3):175-81
[PubMed PMID: 11007053]
[6]
Kyle RA, Gertz MA, Witzig TE, Lust JA, Lacy MQ, Dispenzieri A, Fonseca R, Rajkumar SV, Offord JR, Larson DR, Plevak ME, Therneau TM, Greipp PR. Review of 1027 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Mayo Clinic proceedings. 2003 Jan:78(1):21-33
[PubMed PMID: 12528874]
[7]
Mehtat Ünlü Ş, Özsan H, Sarıoğlu S. The Scope of Kidney Affection in Monoclonal Gammopathies at All Levels of Clinical Significance. Turkish journal of haematology : official journal of Turkish Society of Haematology. 2017 Dec 1:34(4):282-288. doi: 10.4274/tjh.2017.0197. Epub 2017 Aug 23
[PubMed PMID: 28832010]
[8]
Merlini G, Wechalekar AD, Palladini G. Systemic light chain amyloidosis: an update for treating physicians. Blood. 2013 Jun 27:121(26):5124-30. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-01-453001. Epub 2013 May 13
[PubMed PMID: 23670179]
[9]
Rosenbaum C, Jasielec J, Laubach J, Paba Prada C, Richardson P, Jakubowiak AJ. Evolving strategies in the initial treatment of multiple myeloma. Seminars in oncology. 2013 Oct:40(5):592-601. doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2013.08.002. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 24135404]
[10]
Amaador K, Peeters H, Minnema MC, Nguyen TQ, Dendooven A, Vos JMI, Croockewit AJ, van de Donk NWCJ, Jacobs JFM, Wetzels JFM, Sprangers B, Abrahams AC. Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) histopathologic classification, diagnostic workup, and therapeutic options. The Netherlands journal of medicine. 2019 Sep:77(7):243-254
[PubMed PMID: 31582582]
[11]
Jia L, Zhang L, Shao C, Song E, Sun W, Li M, Gao Y. An attempt to understand kidney's protein handling function by comparing plasma and urine proteomes. PloS one. 2009:4(4):e5146. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005146. Epub 2009 Apr 20
[PubMed PMID: 19381340]
[12]
Khamlichi AA, Rocca A, Touchard G, Aucouturier P, Preud'homme JL, Cogné M. Role of light chain variable region in myeloma with light chain deposition disease: evidence from an experimental model. Blood. 1995 Nov 15:86(10):3655-9
[PubMed PMID: 7579330]
[13]
Hutchison CA, Batuman V, Behrens J, Bridoux F, Sirac C, Dispenzieri A, Herrera GA, Lachmann H, Sanders PW, International Kidney and Monoclonal Gammopathy Research Group. The pathogenesis and diagnosis of acute kidney injury in multiple myeloma. Nature reviews. Nephrology. 2011 Nov 1:8(1):43-51. doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2011.168. Epub 2011 Nov 1
[PubMed PMID: 22045243]
[14]
Woodruff R, Sweet B. Multiple myeloma with massive Bence Jones proteinuria and preservation of renal function. Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine. 1977 Feb:7(1):60-2
[PubMed PMID: 266896]
[15]
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Wagle NS, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2023. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians. 2023 Jan:73(1):17-48. doi: 10.3322/caac.21763. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 36633525]
[16]
Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Rajkumar SV, Larson DR, Plevak MF, Melton LJ 3rd. Incidence of multiple myeloma in Olmsted County, Minnesota: Trend over 6 decades. Cancer. 2004 Dec 1:101(11):2667-74
[PubMed PMID: 15481060]
[17]
Vachon CM, Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Foreman BJ, Larson DR, Colby CL, Phelps TK, Dispenzieri A, Kumar SK, Katzmann JA, Rajkumar SV. Increased risk of monoclonal gammopathy in first-degree relatives of patients with multiple myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Blood. 2009 Jul 23:114(4):785-90. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-12-192575. Epub 2009 Jan 29
[PubMed PMID: 19179466]
[18]
Kyle RA. Multiple myeloma: review of 869 cases. Mayo Clinic proceedings. 1975 Jan:50(1):29-40
[PubMed PMID: 1110582]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[19]
Knudsen LM, Hippe E, Hjorth M, Holmberg E, Westin J. Renal function in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma--a demographic study of 1353 patients. The Nordic Myeloma Study Group. European journal of haematology. 1994 Oct:53(4):207-12
[PubMed PMID: 7957804]
[20]
Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou V, Bamias A, Gika D, Simeonidis A, Pouli A, Anagnostopoulos A, Michali E, Economopoulos T, Zervas K, Dimopoulos MA, Greek Myeloma Study Group. Renal failure in multiple myeloma: incidence, correlations, and prognostic significance. Leukemia & lymphoma. 2007 Feb:48(2):337-41
[PubMed PMID: 17325894]
[21]
Arellano J, Hernandez RK, Wade SW, Chen K, Pirolli M, Quach D, Quigley J, Liede A, Shahinian VB. Prevalence of renal impairment and use of nephrotoxic agents among patients with bone metastases from solid tumors in the United States. Cancer medicine. 2015 May:4(5):713-20. doi: 10.1002/cam4.403. Epub 2015 Feb 8
[PubMed PMID: 25663171]
[22]
Tsakiris DJ, Stel VS, Finne P, Fraser E, Heaf J, de Meester J, Schmaldienst S, Dekker F, Verrina E, Jager KJ. Incidence and outcome of patients starting renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease due to multiple myeloma or light-chain deposit disease: an ERA-EDTA Registry study. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. 2010 Apr:25(4):1200-6. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfp679. Epub 2009 Dec 27
[PubMed PMID: 20037169]
[23]
Menè P, Stoppacciaro A, Lai S, Festuccia F. Light Chain Cast Nephropathy in Multiple Myeloma: Prevalence, Impact and Management Challenges. International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease. 2022:15():173-183. doi: 10.2147/IJNRD.S280179. Epub 2022 May 13
[PubMed PMID: 35592304]
[24]
Sanders PW. Pathogenesis and treatment of myeloma kidney. The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine. 1994 Oct:124(4):484-8
[PubMed PMID: 7930873]
[25]
Sengul S, Zwizinski C, Batuman V. Role of MAPK pathways in light chain-induced cytokine production in human proximal tubule cells. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology. 2003 Jun:284(6):F1245-54
[PubMed PMID: 12582006]
[26]
Dimopoulos MA, Kastritis E, Rosinol L, Bladé J, Ludwig H. Pathogenesis and treatment of renal failure in multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2008 Aug:22(8):1485-93. doi: 10.1038/leu.2008.131. Epub 2008 Jun 5
[PubMed PMID: 18528426]
[27]
Herrera GA, Sanders PW. Paraproteinemic renal diseases that involve the tubulo-interstitium. Contributions to nephrology. 2007:153():105-15
[PubMed PMID: 17075226]
[28]
Sanders PW, Booker BB. Pathobiology of cast nephropathy from human Bence Jones proteins. The Journal of clinical investigation. 1992 Feb:89(2):630-9
[PubMed PMID: 1737851]
[29]
Huang ZQ, Sanders PW. Localization of a single binding site for immunoglobulin light chains on human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. The Journal of clinical investigation. 1997 Feb 15:99(4):732-6
[PubMed PMID: 9045877]
[30]
Salahuddin AZ, Alam MR, Hossain RM, Feroz S, Zannat H, Mondal MC, Roy AS, Robbani MG, Uddin MB, Kadir MS. Renal Involvement as a Presenting Feature of Multiple Myeloma. Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ. 2019 Jul:28(3):527-535
[PubMed PMID: 31391422]
[31]
Leung N, Rajkumar SV. Multiple myeloma with acute light chain cast nephropathy. Blood cancer journal. 2023 Mar 29:13(1):46. doi: 10.1038/s41408-023-00806-w. Epub 2023 Mar 29
[PubMed PMID: 36990996]
[32]
Said SM, Sethi S, Valeri AM, Leung N, Cornell LD, Fidler ME, Herrera Hernandez L, Vrana JA, Theis JD, Quint PS, Dogan A, Nasr SH. Renal amyloidosis: origin and clinicopathologic correlations of 474 recent cases. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN. 2013 Sep:8(9):1515-23. doi: 10.2215/CJN.10491012. Epub 2013 May 23
[PubMed PMID: 23704299]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[33]
Ryšavá R. AL amyloidosis: advances in diagnostics and treatment. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. 2019 Sep 1:34(9):1460-1466. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfy291. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 30299492]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[34]
Vela-Ojeda J, García-Ruiz Esparza MA, Padilla-González Y, Sánchez-Cortes E, García-Chávez J, Montiel-Cervantes L, Reyes-Maldonado E, Majluf-Cruz A, Mayani H. Multiple myeloma-associated amyloidosis is an independent high-risk prognostic factor. Annals of hematology. 2009 Jan:88(1):59-66. doi: 10.1007/s00277-008-0554-0. Epub 2008 Jul 22
[PubMed PMID: 18648809]
[36]
Nasr SH, Valeri AM, Cornell LD, Fidler ME, Sethi S, D'Agati VD, Leung N. Renal monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease: a report of 64 patients from a single institution. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN. 2012 Feb:7(2):231-9. doi: 10.2215/CJN.08640811. Epub 2011 Dec 8
[PubMed PMID: 22156754]
[37]
Angel-Korman A, Stern L, Angel Y, Sarosiek S, Menn-Josephy H, Francis J, Ghai S, Sloan JM, Sanchorawala V, Havasi A. The Role of Kidney Transplantation in Monoclonal Ig Deposition Disease. Kidney international reports. 2020 Apr:5(4):485-493. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.01.011. Epub 2020 Mar 9
[PubMed PMID: 32274452]
[38]
Leboulleux M, Lelongt B, Mougenot B, Touchard G, Makdassi R, Rocca A, Noel LH, Ronco PM, Aucouturier P. Protease resistance and binding of Ig light chains in myeloma-associated tubulopathies. Kidney international. 1995 Jul:48(1):72-9
[PubMed PMID: 7564094]
[39]
Stokes MB, Valeri AM, Herlitz L, Khan AM, Siegel DS, Markowitz GS, D'Agati VD. Light Chain Proximal Tubulopathy: Clinical and Pathologic Characteristics in the Modern Treatment Era. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. 2016 May:27(5):1555-65. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2015020185. Epub 2015 Sep 15
[PubMed PMID: 26374607]
[40]
Vignon M, Javaugue V, Alexander MP, El-Karoui K, Karras A, Roos-Weil D, Royer B, Asli B, Knebelmann B, Touchard G, Jaccard A, Arnulf B, Bridoux F, Leung N, Fermand JP. Current anti-myeloma therapies in renal manifestations of monoclonal light chain-associated Fanconi syndrome: a retrospective series of 49 patients. Leukemia. 2017 Jan:31(1):123-129. doi: 10.1038/leu.2016.195. Epub 2016 Jul 20
[PubMed PMID: 27435002]
Level 2 (mid-level) evidence
[41]
Luciani A, Sirac C, Terryn S, Javaugue V, Prange JA, Bender S, Bonaud A, Cogné M, Aucouturier P, Ronco P, Bridoux F, Devuyst O. Impaired Lysosomal Function Underlies Monoclonal Light Chain-Associated Renal Fanconi Syndrome. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. 2016 Jul:27(7):2049-61. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2015050581. Epub 2015 Nov 27
[PubMed PMID: 26614382]
[42]
Daidola G, Guarena C, Brustia M, Leonardi G, Vigotti FN, Marciello A, Bianco S, Chiarinotti D, Saltarelli M, Besso L, Biancone L. [Efficacy of SUPRA HFR in the treatment of acute renal damage during multiple myeloma]. Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia. 2018 Dec:35(6):. pii: 2018-vol6. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 30550040]
[43]
Favà A, Fulladosa X, Montero N, Draibe J, Torras J, Gomà M, Cruzado JM. Treatment of multiple myeloma with renal involvement: the nephrologist's view. Clinical kidney journal. 2018 Dec:11(6):777-785. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfy065. Epub 2018 Aug 1
[PubMed PMID: 30524711]
[44]
Burwick N, Adams SV, Todd-Stenberg JA, Burrows NR, Pavkov ME, O'Hare AM. Association of Monoclonal Gammopathy with Progression to ESKD among US Veterans. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN. 2018 Dec 7:13(12):1810-1815. doi: 10.2215/CJN.06210518. Epub 2018 Nov 15
[PubMed PMID: 30442867]
[45]
Bridoux F, Javaugue V, Nasr SH, Leung N. Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits: a nephrologist perspective. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. 2021 Jan 25:36(2):208-215. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfz176. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 33494099]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[46]
Nasr SH, Satoskar A, Markowitz GS, Valeri AM, Appel GB, Stokes MB, Nadasdy T, D'Agati VD. Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal IgG deposits. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. 2009 Sep:20(9):2055-64. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2009010110. Epub 2009 May 21
[PubMed PMID: 19470674]
[47]
Smith RJH, Appel GB, Blom AM, Cook HT, D'Agati VD, Fakhouri F, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Józsi M, Kavanagh D, Lambris JD, Noris M, Pickering MC, Remuzzi G, de Córdoba SR, Sethi S, Van der Vlag J, Zipfel PF, Nester CM. C3 glomerulopathy - understanding a rare complement-driven renal disease. Nature reviews. Nephrology. 2019 Mar:15(3):129-143. doi: 10.1038/s41581-018-0107-2. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 30692664]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[48]
Nasr SH, Valeri AM, Cornell LD, Fidler ME, Sethi S, Leung N, Fervenza FC. Fibrillary glomerulonephritis: a report of 66 cases from a single institution. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN. 2011 Apr:6(4):775-84. doi: 10.2215/CJN.08300910. Epub 2011 Mar 24
[PubMed PMID: 21441134]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[49]
Smolens P, Barnes JL, Kreisberg R. Hypercalcemia can potentiate the nephrotoxicity of Bence Jones proteins. The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine. 1987 Oct:110(4):460-5
[PubMed PMID: 3655525]
[51]
Bridoux F, Carron PL, Pegourie B, Alamartine E, Augeul-Meunier K, Karras A, Joly B, Peraldi MN, Arnulf B, Vigneau C, Lamy T, Wynckel A, Kolb B, Royer B, Rabot N, Benboubker L, Combe C, Jaccard A, Moulin B, Knebelmann B, Chevret S, Fermand JP, MYRE Study Group. Effect of High-Cutoff Hemodialysis vs Conventional Hemodialysis on Hemodialysis Independence Among Patients With Myeloma Cast Nephropathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017 Dec 5:318(21):2099-2110. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.17924. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 29209721]
Level 1 (high-level) evidence
[52]
Yachoui R. Early onset acute tubular necrosis following single infusion of zoledronate. Clinical cases in mineral and bone metabolism : the official journal of the Italian Society of Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism, and Skeletal Diseases. 2016 May-Aug:13(2):154-156
[PubMed PMID: 27920815]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[53]
de Roij van Zuijdewijn C, van Dorp W, Florquin S, Roelofs J, Verburgh K. Bisphosphonate nephropathy: A case series and review of the literature. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2021 Sep:87(9):3485-3491. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14780. Epub 2021 Mar 4
[PubMed PMID: 33595131]
Level 2 (mid-level) evidence
[54]
Hussain A, Almenfi HF, Almehdewi AM, Hamza MS, Bhat MS, Vijayashankar NP. Laboratory Features of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients. Cureus. 2019 May 22:11(5):e4716. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4716. Epub 2019 May 22
[PubMed PMID: 31355076]
[55]
Leung N, Behrens J. Current approach to diagnosis and management of acute renal failure in myeloma patients. Advances in chronic kidney disease. 2012 Sep:19(5):297-302. doi: 10.1053/j.ackd.2012.06.001. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 22920640]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[56]
Campo E, Jaffe ES, Cook JR, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Swerdlow SH, Anderson KC, Brousset P, Cerroni L, de Leval L, Dirnhofer S, Dogan A, Feldman AL, Fend F, Friedberg JW, Gaulard P, Ghia P, Horwitz SM, King RL, Salles G, San-Miguel J, Seymour JF, Treon SP, Vose JM, Zucca E, Advani R, Ansell S, Au WY, Barrionuevo C, Bergsagel L, Chan WC, Cohen JI, d'Amore F, Davies A, Falini B, Ghobrial IM, Goodlad JR, Gribben JG, Hsi ED, Kahl BS, Kim WS, Kumar S, LaCasce AS, Laurent C, Lenz G, Leonard JP, Link MP, Lopez-Guillermo A, Mateos MV, Macintyre E, Melnick AM, Morschhauser F, Nakamura S, Narbaitz M, Pavlovsky A, Pileri SA, Piris M, Pro B, Rajkumar V, Rosen ST, Sander B, Sehn L, Shipp MA, Smith SM, Staudt LM, Thieblemont C, Tousseyn T, Wilson WH, Yoshino T, Zinzani PL, Dreyling M, Scott DW, Winter JN, Zelenetz AD. The International Consensus Classification of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms: a report from the Clinical Advisory Committee. Blood. 2022 Sep 15:140(11):1229-1253. doi: 10.1182/blood.2022015851. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 35653592]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[57]
Alaggio R, Amador C, Anagnostopoulos I, Attygalle AD, Araujo IBO, Berti E, Bhagat G, Borges AM, Boyer D, Calaminici M, Chadburn A, Chan JKC, Cheuk W, Chng WJ, Choi JK, Chuang SS, Coupland SE, Czader M, Dave SS, de Jong D, Du MQ, Elenitoba-Johnson KS, Ferry J, Geyer J, Gratzinger D, Guitart J, Gujral S, Harris M, Harrison CJ, Hartmann S, Hochhaus A, Jansen PM, Karube K, Kempf W, Khoury J, Kimura H, Klapper W, Kovach AE, Kumar S, Lazar AJ, Lazzi S, Leoncini L, Leung N, Leventaki V, Li XQ, Lim MS, Liu WP, Louissaint A Jr, Marcogliese A, Medeiros LJ, Michal M, Miranda RN, Mitteldorf C, Montes-Moreno S, Morice W, Nardi V, Naresh KN, Natkunam Y, Ng SB, Oschlies I, Ott G, Parrens M, Pulitzer M, Rajkumar SV, Rawstron AC, Rech K, Rosenwald A, Said J, Sarkozy C, Sayed S, Saygin C, Schuh A, Sewell W, Siebert R, Sohani AR, Tooze R, Traverse-Glehen A, Vega F, Vergier B, Wechalekar AD, Wood B, Xerri L, Xiao W. The 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Lymphoid Neoplasms. Leukemia. 2022 Jul:36(7):1720-1748. doi: 10.1038/s41375-022-01620-2. Epub 2022 Jun 22
[PubMed PMID: 35732829]
[58]
Pozzi C, D'Amico M, Fogazzi GB, Curioni S, Ferrario F, Pasquali S, Quattrocchio G, Rollino C, Segagni S, Locatelli F. Light chain deposition disease with renal involvement: clinical characteristics and prognostic factors. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation. 2003 Dec:42(6):1154-63
[PubMed PMID: 14655186]
[59]
Kitchlu A, McArthur E, Amir E, Booth CM, Sutradhar R, Majeed H, Nash DM, Silver SA, Garg AX, Chan CT, Kim SJ, Wald R. Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Receiving Systemic Treatment for Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2019 Jul 1:111(7):727-736. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djy167. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 30423160]
[60]
Takano J, Mine S, Mochizuki M, Tanaka N, Hagiwara S. Late-stage myeloma invades kidney without significant effect on renal function: findings from 53 autopsies in a single institute. International journal of hematology. 2019 Feb:109(2):147-153. doi: 10.1007/s12185-018-2546-8. Epub 2018 Oct 16
[PubMed PMID: 30327925]
[61]
Huskey JL, Heilman RL, Khamash H, Fonseca R. Kidney Transplant in the Era of Modern Therapy for Multiple Myeloma. Transplantation. 2018 Dec:102(12):1994-2001. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000002449. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 30211830]
[62]
Leung N, Gertz MA, Zeldenrust SR, Rajkumar SV, Dispenzieri A, Fervenza FC, Kumar S, Lacy MQ, Lust JA, Greipp PR, Witzig TE, Hayman SR, Russell SJ, Kyle RA, Winters JL. Improvement of cast nephropathy with plasma exchange depends on the diagnosis and on reduction of serum free light chains. Kidney international. 2008 Jun:73(11):1282-8. doi: 10.1038/ki.2008.108. Epub 2008 Apr 2
[PubMed PMID: 18385667]
[63]
Leung N, Gertz M, Kyle RA, Fervenza FC, Irazabal MV, Eirin A, Kumar S, Cha SS, Rajkumar SV, Lacy MQ, Zeldenrust SR, Buadi FK, Hayman SR, Nasr SH, Sethi S, Ramirez-Alvarado M, Witzig TE, Herrmann SM, Dispenzieri A. Urinary albumin excretion patterns of patients with cast nephropathy and other monoclonal gammopathy-related kidney diseases. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN. 2012 Dec:7(12):1964-8. doi: 10.2215/CJN.11161111. Epub 2012 Sep 27
[PubMed PMID: 23024162]
[64]
Nasr SH, Valeri AM, Sethi S, Fidler ME, Cornell LD, Gertz MA, Lacy M, Dispenzieri A, Rajkumar SV, Kyle RA, Leung N. Clinicopathologic correlations in multiple myeloma: a case series of 190 patients with kidney biopsies. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation. 2012 Jun:59(6):786-94. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.12.028. Epub 2012 Mar 13
[PubMed PMID: 22417785]
Level 2 (mid-level) evidence
[65]
Renal Impairment of Multiple Myeloma Collaborative Study Group. [Expert consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with renal impairment of multiple myeloma]. Zhonghua nei ke za zhi. 2017 Nov 1:56(11):871-875. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2017.11.022. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 29136724]
Level 3 (low-level) evidence
[66]
Chinese Hematology Association, Chinese Society of Hematology, Chinese Myeloma Committee-Chinese Hematology Association. [The guidelines for the diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma in China (2017 revision)]. Zhonghua nei ke za zhi. 2017 Nov 1:56(11):866-870. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2017.11.021. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 29136723]
[67]
Hutchison CA, Cockwell P, Stringer S, Bradwell A, Cook M, Gertz MA, Dispenzieri A, Winters JL, Kumar S, Rajkumar SV, Kyle RA, Leung N. Early reduction of serum-free light chains associates with renal recovery in myeloma kidney. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. 2011 Jun:22(6):1129-36. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2010080857. Epub 2011 Apr 21
[PubMed PMID: 21511832]
[68]
Hutchison CA, Heyne N, Airia P, Schindler R, Zickler D, Cook M, Cockwell P, Grima D. Immunoglobulin free light chain levels and recovery from myeloma kidney on treatment with chemotherapy and high cut-off haemodialysis. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. 2012 Oct:27(10):3823-8. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfr773. Epub 2012 Jan 23
[PubMed PMID: 22273664]
[69]
Dimopoulos MA, Roussou M, Gkotzamanidou M, Nikitas N, Psimenou E, Mparmparoussi D, Matsouka C, Spyropoulou-Vlachou M, Terpos E, Kastritis E. The role of novel agents on the reversibility of renal impairment in newly diagnosed symptomatic patients with multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2013 Feb:27(2):423-9. doi: 10.1038/leu.2012.182. Epub 2012 Jul 5
[PubMed PMID: 22763386]
[70]
Sonneveld P, Schmidt-Wolf IG, van der Holt B, El Jarari L, Bertsch U, Salwender H, Zweegman S, Vellenga E, Broyl A, Blau IW, Weisel KC, Wittebol S, Bos GM, Stevens-Kroef M, Scheid C, Pfreundschuh M, Hose D, Jauch A, van der Velde H, Raymakers R, Schaafsma MR, Kersten MJ, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Duehrsen U, Lindemann W, Wijermans PW, Lokhorst HM, Goldschmidt HM. Bortezomib induction and maintenance treatment in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of the randomized phase III HOVON-65/ GMMG-HD4 trial. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 2012 Aug 20:30(24):2946-55. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.39.6820. Epub 2012 Jul 16
[PubMed PMID: 22802322]
Level 1 (high-level) evidence
[71]
Bridoux F, Arnulf B, Karlin L, Blin N, Rabot N, Macro M, Audard V, Belhadj K, Pegourie B, Gobert P, Cornec Le Gall E, Joly B, Karras A, Jaccard A, Augeul-Meunier K, Manier S, Royer B, Caillot D, Tiab M, Delbes S, Suarez F, Vigneau C, Caillard S, Arakelyan-Laboure N, Roos-Weil D, Chevret S, Fermand JP, MYRE study group. Randomized Trial Comparing Double Versus Triple Bortezomib-Based Regimen in Patients With Multiple Myeloma and Acute Kidney Injury Due to Cast Nephropathy. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 2020 Aug 10:38(23):2647-2657. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.00298. Epub 2020 Jun 23
[PubMed PMID: 32574117]
Level 1 (high-level) evidence
[72]
Dimopoulos MA, Roussou M, Gavriatopoulou M, Psimenou E, Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou E, Migkou M, Matsouka C, Mparmparousi D, Gika D, Kafantari E, Ziogas D, Fotiou D, Panagiotidis I, Terpos E, Kastritis E. Bortezomib-based triplets are associated with a high probability of dialysis independence and rapid renal recovery in newly diagnosed myeloma patients with severe renal failure or those requiring dialysis. American journal of hematology. 2016 May:91(5):499-502. doi: 10.1002/ajh.24335. Epub 2016 Apr 4
[PubMed PMID: 26890495]
[73]
Cserti C, Haspel R, Stowell C, Dzik W. Light-chain removal by plasmapheresis in myeloma-associated renal failure. Transfusion. 2007 Mar:47(3):511-4
[PubMed PMID: 17319833]
[74]
Hutchison CA, Cockwell P, Reid S, Chandler K, Mead GP, Harrison J, Hattersley J, Evans ND, Chappell MJ, Cook M, Goehl H, Storr M, Bradwell AR. Efficient removal of immunoglobulin free light chains by hemodialysis for multiple myeloma: in vitro and in vivo studies. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. 2007 Mar:18(3):886-95
[PubMed PMID: 17229909]
[75]
Parikh GC, Amjad AI, Saliba RM, Kazmi SM, Khan ZU, Lahoti A, Hosing C, Mendoza F, Qureshi SR, Weber DM, Wang M, Popat U, Alousi AM, Champlin RE, Giralt SA, Qazilbash MH. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may reverse renal failure in patients with multiple myeloma. Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. 2009 Jul:15(7):812-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.03.021. Epub
[PubMed PMID: 19539212]
[76]
Lum EL, Huang E, Bunnapradist S, Pham T, Danovitch G. Acute Kidney Allograft Rejection Precipitated by Lenalidomide Treatment for Multiple Myeloma. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation. 2017 May:69(5):701-704. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.11.024. Epub 2017 Feb 9
[PubMed PMID: 28189378]
[77]
Oortgiesen BE, Azad R, Hemmelder MH, Kibbelaar RE, Veeger NJGM, de Vries JC, van Roon EN, Hoogendoorn M. The impact of the introduction of bortezomib on dialysis independence in multiple myeloma patients with renal impairment: a nationwide Dutch population-based study. Haematologica. 2018 Jul:103(7):e311-e314. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2017.184754. Epub 2018 Mar 15
[PubMed PMID: 29545339]
[78]
Dimopoulos MA, Roussou M, Gavriatopoulou M, Fotiou D, Ziogas DC, Migkou M, Panagiotidis I, Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou E, Kanellias N, Psimenou E, Marinaki S, Bacharaki D, Mparmparoussi D, Matsouka C, Giannouli S, Terpos E, Kastritis E. Outcomes of newly diagnosed myeloma patients requiring dialysis: renal recovery, importance of rapid response and survival benefit. Blood cancer journal. 2017 Jun 16:7(6):e571. doi: 10.1038/bcj.2017.49. Epub 2017 Jun 16
[PubMed PMID: 28622304]
[79]
Girard LP, Soekojo CY, Ooi M, Chng WJ, de Mel S. Immunoglobulin M Monoclonal Gammopathies of Clinical Significance. Frontiers in oncology. 2022:12():905484. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.905484. Epub 2022 Jun 9
[PubMed PMID: 35756635]
[80]
Chow CC, Mo KL, Chan CK, Lo HK, Wong KS, Chan JC. Renal impairment in patients with multiple myeloma. Hong Kong medical journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi. 2003 Apr:9(2):78-82
[PubMed PMID: 12668816]
[81]
Reule S, Sexton DJ, Solid CA, Chen SC, Foley RN. ESRD due to Multiple Myeloma in the United States, 2001-2010. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. 2016 May:27(5):1487-94. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2014090876. Epub 2015 Oct 29
[PubMed PMID: 26516209]
[82]
Alexanian R, Barlogie B, Dixon D. Renal failure in multiple myeloma. Pathogenesis and prognostic implications. Archives of internal medicine. 1990 Aug:150(8):1693-5
[PubMed PMID: 2383164]
[83]
Ecotière L, Thierry A, Debiais-Delpech C, Chevret S, Javaugue V, Desport E, Belmouaz S, Quellard N, Kaaki S, Michel Goujon J, Fermand JP, Touchard G, Bridoux F. Prognostic value of kidney biopsy in myeloma cast nephropathy: a retrospective study of 70 patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. 2016 May:31(5):850. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfw056. Epub 2016 Mar 10
[PubMed PMID: 26968198]
Level 2 (mid-level) evidence
[84]
Uchida M, Kamata K, Okubo M. Renal dysfunction in multiple myeloma. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan). 1995 May:34(5):364-70
[PubMed PMID: 7647403]
[85]
Kopp WL, Beirne GJ, Burns RO. Hyperviscosity syndrome in multiple myeloma. The American journal of medicine. 1967 Jul:43(1):141-6
[PubMed PMID: 4951414]